A source of clean seawater within a salinity range of 28-34 parts per thousand (ppt)
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To culture kelp outside of its natural habitat, you must mimic the ocean environment in which it thrives. This means meeting a few key environmental parameters within your culture tank system.

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A source of refrigeration to keep the seawater at 50°F (10°C)
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A light source that can be adjusted for each developmental stage
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Added nutrients to encourage quick and abundant growth
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A clean, sterile, and contamination-free space
To meet these environmental parameters, you’ll need to secure the appropriate tools and equipment. The sections that follow describe how different types of equipment can be used to create the conditions for optimal seed spool growth within a hatchery setting.
For a comprehensive list of hatchery equipment, refer to the line items in the Small Hatchery Budget.